In this way, these two settlements became stronger militarily. The Roma Quadrata alliance was established between the two settlements on the Palatine Hill. New Settlements and a WallĪround the year 800 BC. some small settlements of the people of the Latins came on the Esquiline and Palatine Hills, two of the seven hills of Rome. Small settlements on 2 hillsĪround the year 1000 BC. They believe that Rome was created in 4 steps. However, archaeologists have a different opinion on this. These were two brothers and according to Roman mythology they founded Rome. That history began with the Romans, according to the legend of Titus Livius, the city of Rome was founded around 750 BC. The old part of the city of Rome is built on seven hills. the people revolted against the tyrannical last monarch, Tarquinius Superbus, and began the long period of the Republic, which lasted until 27 BC, when Emperor Augustus came to power. Romulus was the first of seven - also largely legendary - kings, the last three of whom were Etruscans. But according to legend, the present-day capital was founded by its first king, Romulus, in 753 BC, on April 21, still celebrated as Natale (Day of Birth) di Roma. They reached their peak around 500 BC, when Etruria stretched from present-day Verona to Rome.Įxcavations on the Palatine Hill in Rome have revealed a village from the 10th century BC. The Etruscans, who adopted writing from the Phoenicians and art and ceramics from the Greeks, developed a high civilization. The center was the domain of the Etruscans, a people who spoke a non-Indo-Germanic language that has still not been deciphered. The interior was inhabited by indigenous Italic peoples such as the Sabines, Samnites, Latins, Osken and Umbrians, while the north was inhabited by Germanic and Celtic tribes such as the Veneti, Liguri and Reti. In Sardinia and western Sicily, the Carthaginians from North Africa founded colonies such as Panormus (Palermo). The term Magna Graecia (Greater Greece) is still used to refer to this part of Italy. They founded cities like Gela and Syracusae in Sicily, Kroton (today's Crotone) in Calabria and Neapolis, the 'new city': Naples. Magna Graecia, Etruria, Romeįrom the eighth century BC, Greek settlers settled on the Italian southern coasts. It was only after unification in 1870 that the country of Italy, in the sense of a nation-state, was given its present form and name.
It should be borne in mind, however, that until well into the 19th century 'Italy' was no more than a 'geographical expression', in the words of the Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich. What is certain is that the term was initially used for the southern coastal regions, appeared in the 1st century BC on coins of so-called 'Italic' peoples in the center and gradually became used in the Middle Ages for the entire peninsula. It may be an ancient Greek term meaning "land of the cattle," or referring to a tribe in the south of the country, the Italoi. It is not entirely clear where the name Italy comes from. The Rise of the Populists: Five Star Movement and Lega.
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